Effect of intervention on the control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Nigeria

Pathological lesions observed in chickens pre-infected with LP H7N1 A/CK/Italy/1279/99 avian influenza and challenged with homologous HP H7N1 A/ostrich/Italy/984/00

Most highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV) emerge after field passage of non-pathogenic AIVs in birds. The outbreak of low-pathogenic H7N1 avian influenza virus in Italy during 1999-2000 followed by outbreak of highly pathogenic H7N1 avian influenza virus is one example in this regard. This experiment has been designed to investigate the effect of pre-infection of birds with LPAI on s...

Risk Assessment of the Introduction and Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses (H5-Subtypes) Via Migratory Birds in Iran

Background and Objectives: HPAI has economic and public health importance. Aquatic and shore migratory birds are the main reservoirs and the cause of the spread of viruses across countries. The aim of study was risk assessment of the spread of the avian influenza H5 viruses.   Methods: In this qualitative study, structured interviews and focus group discussions were used to assess the risk of...

Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza by Evidence-Based Vaccinology: Past Progress, Future Prospect

Background and Objectives: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are particularly important due to huge economic consequences and public health concerns. During recent years, because of the severity of epidemics and failure in the control and eradication of HPAI, vaccination has been introduced into the National Prevention and Control Program of some countries, including Iran. This a...

Efficacy of Inactivated H9N2 Avian Influenza Vaccine against Non-highly Pathogenic A/ChickenlIran/ZMT-173/1999 Infection

The Combined Use of rHVT-H5 and rHVT-F Vector Vaccines in the Hatchery Enhances Immunity against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 and Velogenic Newcastle Disease Viral Infections in Commercial Chickens

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and Newcastle disease viral infections cause severe illness in chickens and vaccination is a strategic tool of controlling these diseases. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of using both recombinant herpesvirus of turkey (rHVT-H5 and rHVT-F) vector vaccines at day-old, in the hatchery, under field conditions. Vaccinated chickens were...

The effect of the hexanic extracts of fig (Ficus carica) and olive (Olea europaea) fruit and nanoparticles of selenium on the immunogenicity of the inactivated avian influenza virus subtype H9N2

Influenza is a contagious viral disease that is seen in avian, human and other mammals, so its control is important. Vaccination against influenza virus subtype H9N2 is one of the ways in controlling program, for this reason several vaccines has been produced. Recently, application of inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines in poultry for controlling low pathogenic avian influenza is increasing. At p...